// Merge Sort Function
function merge_sort(arr) {
  if (arr.length <= 1) return arr;
  var mid = Math.floor(arr.length / 2);
  var left = arr.slice(0, mid);
  var right = arr.slice(mid);
  var result = [];
  // Merge the two halves
  while (left.length > 0 || right.length > 0) {
    if (left.length > 0 && (right.length > 0 && left[0] <= right[0] || right.length === 0)) {
      result.push(left.shift());
    } else {
      result.push(right.shift());
    }
  }
  return result;
}